Accepted for Publication: December 21, 2018.
Published: February 22, 2019. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.0018
Open Access: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License. © 2019 Piva SR et al. JAMA Network Open.
Corresponding Author: Sara R. Piva, PT, PhD, OCS, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, 100 Technology Dr, Bridgeside Point 1, Ste 480, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 (spiva@pitt.edu).
Author Contributions: Drs Piva and Moore had full access to all of the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Dr Piva was the primary investigator, and Dr Moore was the biostatistician.
Concept and design: Piva, Schneider, Almeida, Sowa, Irrgang.
Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: Piva, Schneider, Moore, Catelani, Gil, Klatt, DiGioia, Almeida, Khoja, Irrgang.
Drafting of the manuscript: Piva, Schneider, Moore, Gil.
Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: All authors.
Statistical analysis: Moore.
Obtained funding: Piva.
Administrative, technical, or material support: Piva, Schneider, Catelani, Gil, Klatt, DiGioia, Almeida, Khoja, Sowa.
Supervision: Piva, Gil, Klatt, Almeida.
Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Piva reported receiving grants from the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). Dr Schneider reported receiving grants from PCORI, being a member of the National Chiropractic Mutual Insurance Company speaker’s bureau, and conducting medicolegal consulting for State Farm Insurance. Dr Moore reported receiving grants from PCORI. Ms Catelani reported receiving grants from the University of Pittsburgh. Dr Klatt reported receiving grants from the University of Pittsburgh, receiving royalties from SLACK Orthopedics and from Elsevier, reported serving on the editorial board for The Journal of Arthroplasty, and serving as a reviewer for Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research and Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Dr Irrgang reported receiving grants from PCORI. No other disclosures were reported.
Funding/Support: This research was funded through a Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute award (CER-1310-06994) (Dr Piva, principal investigator).
Role of the Funder/Sponsor: The funding source had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Disclaimer: The views in this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, its board of governors, or the methodology committee.
Data Sharing Statement: See Supplement 3.
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