Accepted for Publication: March 20, 2019.
Corresponding Author: D. Mark Anderson, PhD, Department of Agricultural Economics and Economics, Montana State University, PO Box 172920, Bozeman, MT 59717-2920 (dwight.anderson@montana.edu).
Published Online: July 8, 2019. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.1720
Author Contributions: Dr Sabia had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
Concept and design: All authors.
Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: Anderson, Hansen, Sabia.
Drafting of the manuscript: Anderson, Hansen, Rees.
Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Anderson, Rees, Sabia.
Statistical analysis: Hansen, Sabia.
Obtained funding: Anderson.
Administrative, technical, or material support: Anderson, Hansen.
Supervision: Anderson, Rees.
Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.
Funding/Support: This study received support from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health (research infrastructure grant R24 HD042828, Dr Anderson, to the Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology at the University of Washington, where Dr Anderson was a fellow) and the Center for Health Economics & Policy Studies at San Diego State University, including grant funding received from the Charles Koch Foundation to Dr Sabia.
Role of the Funder/Sponsor: The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Disclaimer: The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Additional Contributions: Kevin Hsu, BA (San Diego State University), and Alicia Marquez, BS (San Diego State University), served as research assistants. Both individuals received compensation as research assistants.