[Skip to Content]

Claim CME

Allergy and Clinical Immunology

COVID-19 and the Path to Immunity

Educational Objective
To understand how B-cell and T-cell mediated adaptive immunity to COVID-19 can help us manage the pandemic

1 Credit CME

JAMA

Published Online: September 11, 2020

Viewpoint

Article Information and Disclosures

David S. Stephens, MD¹;

M. Juliana McElrath, MD, PhD²

Author Affiliations

¹Emory University School of Medicine, Robert W. Woodruff Health Sciences Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
²Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington

Read article on JAMA Network

Viewpoint

Ethics of COVID-19 Immunity-Based Licenses

Mark A. Hall, JD; David M. Studdert, LLB, ScD
Viewpoint

The Ethics of COVID-19 Immunity-Based Licenses (“Immunity Passports”)

Govind Persad, JD, PhD; Ezekiel J. Emanuel, MD, PhD
Viewpoint

COVID-19 and Postinfection Immunity

Robert D. Kirkcaldy, MD, MPH; Brian A. King, PhD, MPH; John T. Brooks, MD
Viewpoint

Monoclonal Antibodies for Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19

Mary Marovich, MD; John R. Mascola, MD; Myron S. Cohen, MD
Biotech Innovations

COVID-19 Antibody Trials Have Begun

Jennifer Abbasi
Health Agencies Update

Difficult to Determine Herd Immunity Threshold for COVID-19

Rita Rubin, MA
Original Investigation

Clinical Characteristics and Neutralizing Antibody Levels in Patients Who Have Recovered From Mild COVID-19

Fan Wu, PhD; Mei Liu, MS; Aojie Wang, MS; Lu Lu, PhD; Qimin Wang, MS; Chenjian Gu, MS; Jun Chen, MD; Yang Wu, MS; Shuai Xia, PhD; Yun Ling, MD; Yuling Zhang, MS; Jingna Xun, MS; Rong Zhang, PhD; Youhua Xie, PhD; Shibo Jiang, MD, PhD; Tongyu Zhu, MD; Hongzhou Lu, MD; Yumei Wen, MD; Jinghe Huang, PhD

Read Article Claim CME

The emergence of adaptive immunity in response to the novel Betacoronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), occurs within the first 7 to 10 days of infection.¹^- 3 Understanding the key features and evolution of B-cell– and T-cell–mediated adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is essential in forecasting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes and for developing effective strategies to control the pandemic. Ascertaining long-term B-cell and T-cell immunological memory against SARS-CoV-2 is also critical to understanding durable protection.

Claim CME

Sign in to take quiz and track your certificates

Buy This Activity

Article Information

Corresponding Author: David S. Stephens, MD, Emory University School of Medicine, Robert W. Woodruff Health Sciences Center, Emory University, 1440 Clifton Rd NE, #420, Atlanta, GA 30322 (dstep01@emory.edu).

Published Online: September 11, 2020. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.16656

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Drs Stephens and McElrath reported that they are supported by awards UM1AI148684 (Emory University) and UM1AI068618 (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center) from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID) and are members of the NIAID Infectious Diseases Clinical Research Consortium–Vaccine and Treatment Evaluation Units, and COVID Prevention Networks. Dr McElrath reported that she is a member of the HIV Vaccine Trials Network.

Disclaimer: The conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent views of the respective institutions or the National Institutes of Health.

Additional Contributions: We thank Rafi Ahmed, PhD, for reviewing the manuscript and Michael Konomos, MS, CMI, for illustration input, for which neither was compensated.

References

Grifoni A , Weiskopf D , Ramirez SI , et al. Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in Humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals. Cell. 2020;181(7):1489-1501.e15. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.015 PubMed Google Scholar Crossref

Suthar MS , Zimmerman MG , Kauffman RC , et al. Rapid generation of neutralizing antibody responses in COVID-19 patients. Cell Rep Med. 2020;1(3):100040. Published online June 23, 2020. doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100040 PubMed Google Scholar

Robbiani DF , Gaebler C , Muecksch F , et al. Convergent antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in convalescent individuals. Nature. Published online June 18, 2020. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2456-9 PubMed Google Scholar

Mathew D , Giles JR , Baxter AE , et al; UPenn COVID Processing Unit. Deep immune profiling of COVID-19 patients reveals distinct immunotypes with therapeutic implications. Science. Published online July 15, 2020. PubMed Google Scholar

Le Bert N , Tan AT , Kunasegaran K , et al. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls. Nature. Published online July 15, 2020. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2550-z PubMed Google Scholar

Braun J , Loyal L , Frentsch M , et al. SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells in healthy donors and patients with COVID-19. Nature. Published online July 29, 2020. PubMed Google Scholar

O’Callaghan KP , Blatz AM , Offit PA . Developing a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine at warp speed. JAMA. 2020;324(5):437-438. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.12190 PubMed Google Scholar Crossref

Corbett KS , Flynn B , Foulds KE , et al. Evaluation of the mRNA-1273 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in nonhuman primates. N Engl J Med. Published online July 29, 2020. PubMed Google Scholar

Callow KA , Parry HF , Sergeant M , Tyrrell DA . The time course of the immune response to experimental coronavirus infection of man. Epidemiol Infect. 1990;105(2):435-446. doi:10.1017/S0950268800048019 PubMed Google Scholar Crossref

Deng W , Bao L , Liu J , et al. Primary exposure to SARS-CoV-2 protects against reinfection in rhesus macaques. Science. 2020;369(6505):818-823. Published online July 2, 2020 . doi:10.1126/science.abc5343 PubMed Google Scholar Crossref

AMA CME Accreditation Information

Credit Designation Statement: The American Medical Association designates this Journal-based CME activity activity for a maximum of 1.00  AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Successful completion of this CME activity, which includes participation in the evaluation component, enables the participant to earn up to:

1.00 Medical Knowledge MOC points in the American Board of Internal Medicine's (ABIM) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program;;
1.00 Self-Assessment points in the American Board of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery’s (ABOHNS) Continuing Certification program;
1.00 MOC points in the American Board of Pediatrics’ (ABP) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program;
1.00 Lifelong Learning points in the American Board of Pathology’s (ABPath) Continuing Certification program; and
1.00 CME points in the American Board of Surgery’s (ABS) Continuing Certification program

It is the CME activity provider's responsibility to submit participant completion information to ACCME for the purpose of granting MOC credit.