Corresponding Author: Isabel Vilaseca, MD, PhD, Otorhinolaryngology Head Neck Surgery Department, Institut Clínic d'Especialitats Mèdiques i Quirúrgiques. Hospital Clínic, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain (ivila@clinic.cat).
Published Online: October 8, 2020. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2020.3641
Author Contributions: Drs Avilés-Jurado and Vilaseca contributed equally to this article. Drs Avilés-Jurado and Vilaseca had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
Concept and design: Avilés-Jurado, Prieto-Alhambra, de Ossó, Lehrer, Alobid, Bernal-Sprekelsen, Castro, Vilaseca.
Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: Avilés-Jurado, Prieto-Alhambra, González Sánchez, Arancibia, Rojas-Lechuga, Ruiz-Sevilla, Remacha, Sánchez, Lehrer, López-Chacón, Langdon, Guilemany, Larrosa, Alobid, Castro, Vilaseca.
Drafting of the manuscript: Avilés-Jurado, Prieto-Alhambra, Arancibia, Lehrer, Alobid, Vilaseca.
Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Avilés-Jurado, Prieto-Alhambra, González Sánchez, de Ossó, Rojas-Lechuga, Ruiz-Sevilla, Remacha, Sánchez, López-Chacón, Langdon, Guilemany, Larrosa, Alobid, Bernal-Sprekelsen, Castro, Vilaseca.
Statistical analysis: Avilés-Jurado, Prieto-Alhambra, González Sánchez, Vilaseca.
Administrative, technical, or material support: Avilés-Jurado, de Ossó, Arancibia, Rojas-Lechuga, Ruiz-Sevilla, Remacha, Sánchez, Lehrer, López-Chacón, Larrosa.
Supervision: Avilés-Jurado, Prieto-Alhambra, Lehrer, Langdon, Alobid, Bernal-Sprekelsen, Castro.
Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Prieto-Alhambra reported receiving grants and speaker honorarium from Amgen and UCB outside the submitted work. Dr Bernal-Sprekelsen reported receiving speaker honorarium from Olympus outside the submitted work. No other disclosures were reported.
Additional Contributions: The following COVID-19 Clinic Critical Care Group members from Hospital Clínic of Barcelona provided substantial collaboration to the work: Alex Almuedo, MD, PhD; Joan Ramon Alonso, MD, PhD; Rut Andrea MD, PhD; Fatima Aziz, MD; Joan Ramon Badia MD, PhD; Enric Barbeta, MD; Raquel Berger, MD; Xavier Borrat, MD, PhD; Ernest Bragulat, MD, PhD; Carmen Cañueto, RN; Inmaculada Carmona, RN; Manel Castellà, MD, PhD; Oriol De Diego, MD; Marta Farrero, MD, PhD; Javier Fernández, MD, PhD; Sara Fernández, MD; Carlos Ferrando, MD, PhD; Miguel Ferrer MD, PhD; Maria Forga, MD, PhD; Ignacio Grafiá, MD; Lídia Gómez, MD; Eduard Guasch, MD, PhD; María Hernández-Tejero, MD, PhD; Adriana Jacas, MD; Pere Leyes, MD, PhD; Teresa López, MD; Javier Marco, MD; Jose Antonio Martínez, MD, PhD; Graciela Martínez-Palli, MD, PhD; Ricard Mellado, MD, PhD; Jordi Mercadal, MD, PhD; Guillermo Muñoz, MD; José Muñoz, MD, PhD; Ricard Navarro, MD, PhD; Josep Maria Nicolás MD, PhD; José T Ortiz, MD, PhD; Esteban Poch, MD, PhD; Margalida Pujol, MD; Eduard Quintana, MD, PhD; Enric Reverter, MD, PhD; Irene Rovira, MD, PhD; Pablo Ruiz, MD; Xavier Sala-Blanch, MD PhD; Elena Sandoval, MD, PhD; Stefan Schneider, MD; Ferran Seguí, MD; Oriol Sibila, MD, PhD; Cristina Sierra, MD, PhD; Alex Soriano, MD, PhD; Dolors Soy, Pharm D, PhD; María Suárez, MD; Adrián Téllez, MD; David Toapanta MD; Antoni Torres MD, PhD; Xavier Urra MD, PhD; and Carles Zamora, MD. They were not compensated for their work.