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New Insights on COVID-19’s Hyperinflammation in Children

Educational Objective
To identify the key insights or developments described in this article
1 Credit CME

A rare, life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome that some children develop after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is distinct from Kawasaki disease, according to a collaboration among European scientists.

Although most children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection have mild or no symptoms, some develop a Kawasaki-like condition called multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) about 4 to 6 weeks after their infection. To understand why, the investigators studied the immune responses of 41 children with mild COVID-19, 13 others who had MIS-C, and 28 children who were treated for Kawasaki disease before the pandemic.

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A rare, life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome that some children develop after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is distinct from Kawasaki disease, according to a collaboration among European scientists.

Although most children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection have mild or no symptoms, some develop a Kawasaki-like condition called multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) about 4 to 6 weeks after their infection. To understand why, the investigators studied the immune responses of 41 children with mild COVID-19, 13 others who had MIS-C, and 28 children who were treated for Kawasaki disease before the pandemic.

They found that the MIS-C inflammatory response is distinct from the cytokine storm seen in adults with severe COVID-19 and from hyperinflammation in children with Kawasaki disease. Patients with MIS-C had less interleukin-17A–mediated inflammation and distinct autoantibodies compared with children who had Kawasaki disease. The results lay the groundwork for future studies on the mechanism of MIS-C.

AMA CME Accreditation Information

Credit Designation Statement: The American Medical Association designates this Journal-based CME activity activity for a maximum of 1.00  AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Successful completion of this CME activity, which includes participation in the evaluation component, enables the participant to earn up to:

  • 1.00 Medical Knowledge MOC points in the American Board of Internal Medicine's (ABIM) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program;;
  • 1.00 Self-Assessment points in the American Board of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery’s (ABOHNS) Continuing Certification program;
  • 1.00 MOC points in the American Board of Pediatrics’ (ABP) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program;
  • 1.00 Lifelong Learning points in the American Board of Pathology’s (ABPath) Continuing Certification program; and
  • 1.00 credit toward the CME [and Self-Assessment requirements] of the American Board of Surgery’s Continuous Certification program

It is the CME activity provider's responsibility to submit participant completion information to ACCME for the purpose of granting MOC credit.

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