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Behaviorally Informed Strategies for a National COVID-19 Vaccine Promotion Program

Educational Objective
To identify the key insights or developments described in this article
1 Credit CME

National efforts to develop a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine at “warp speed” will likely yield a safe and effective vaccine by early 2021. However, this important milestone is only the first step in an equally important challenge: getting a majority of the US public vaccinated. In a September 2020 survey of 10 093 US adults, only 51% indicated that they were definitely or probably willing to be vaccinated with a novel COVID-19 vaccine, 25% reported that they were probably not willing to get the vaccine, and 24% reported that it is unlikely that they would be vaccinated.1 This survey further revealed that acceptance was lower among Black individuals (32%, 263 of 822); those with lower educational attainment (47%, 676 of 1438 among those with high school or less education) compared with college graduates (56%, 1673 of 2988) or those with a postgraduate education (63%, 1693 of 2668); and among Republican voters (44%, 1817 of 4129).1

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Article Information

Corresponding Author: Alison M. Buttenheim, PhD, MBA, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 416 Fagin Hall, 418 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (abutt@upenn.edu).

Published Online: December 14, 2020. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.24036

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Volpp reported receiving grants from the National Institute on Aging, Humana, Hawaii Blue Cross Blue Shield, Vitality, and Weight Watchers and being part owner of VAL Health, a behavioral economics consulting firm. Dr Loewenstein reported consulting for Florida Blue and United Healthcare. No other disclosures were reported.

References
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Tyson  A , Johnson  C , Funk  C . US public now divided over whether to get COVID-19 vaccine. Pew Research Center. Accessed November 2, 2020. https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2020/09/17/u-s-public-now-divided-over-whether-to-get-covid-19-vaccine/
2.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.  Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine. National Academies Press; 2020.
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Sunstein  CR .  Sludge and ordeals.   Duke Law J. 2019;68: 1843-1883.Google Scholar
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Zhuang  Y , Frost  N , Pianigiani  G , Minder  R . An Australian airline plans to make proof of vaccination compulsory for travelers. New York Times. Accessed December 3, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/live/2020/11/24/world/covid-19-coronavirus#an-australian-airline-plans-to-make-proof-of-vaccination-compulsory-for-travelers-and-other-news-from-around-the-world
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Ryan  LL , Alexander  L .  A vaccine is coming: can employers require employees to take it?  National Law Review. Accessed November 15, 2020. https://www.natlawreview.com/article/vaccine-coming-can-employers-require-employees-to-take-it
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Stock  A , Balachander  S .  The making of a “hot product.”   Manage Sci. 2005;51(8):1181-1192. doi:10.1287/mnsc.1050.0381 Google Scholar
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Gerber  AS , Green  DP , Larimer  CW .  Social pressure and voter turnout.   Am Pol Sci Rev. 2008;102(1):33-48. doi:10.1017/S000305540808009X Google Scholar
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Goodman  JL , Grabenstein  JD , Braun  MM .  Answering key questions about COVID-19 vaccines.   JAMA. Published October 16, 2020. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.20590 PubMedGoogle Scholar
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Cryder  CE , John London  A , Volpp  KG , Loewenstein  G .  Informative inducement: study payment as a signal of risk.   Soc Sci Med. 2010;70(3):455-464. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.10.047PubMedGoogle Scholar
AMA CME Accreditation Information

Credit Designation Statement: The American Medical Association designates this Journal-based CME activity activity for a maximum of 1.00  AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Successful completion of this CME activity, which includes participation in the evaluation component, enables the participant to earn up to:

  • 1.00 Medical Knowledge MOC points in the American Board of Internal Medicine's (ABIM) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program;;
  • 1.00 Self-Assessment points in the American Board of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery’s (ABOHNS) Continuing Certification program;
  • 1.00 MOC points in the American Board of Pediatrics’ (ABP) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program;
  • 1.00 Lifelong Learning points in the American Board of Pathology’s (ABPath) Continuing Certification program; and
  • 1.00 credit toward the CME [and Self-Assessment requirements] of the American Board of Surgery’s Continuous Certification program

It is the CME activity provider's responsibility to submit participant completion information to ACCME for the purpose of granting MOC credit.

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