Accepted for Publication: November 25, 2020.
Published Online: February 3, 2021. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.4402
Corresponding Author: Kristin M. Holland, PhD, MPH, Division of Overdose Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 (imh1@cdc.gov).
Author Contributions: Dr Holland and Mr Idaikkadar had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
Concept and design: Holland, Jones, Vivolo-Kantor, Zwald, Hoots, Swedo, Board, Law, Thomas, Peacock, Dowling.
Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: Holland, Vivolo-Kantor, Idaikkadar, Hoots, Yard, D’Inverno, Swedo, Chen, Petrosky, Martinez, Stone, Law, Coletta, Adjemian, Thomas, Puddy, Dowling, Houry.
Drafting of the manuscript: Holland, Jones, Vivolo-Kantor, Swedo, Law, Houry.
Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: All authors.
Statistical analysis: Holland, Idaikkadar, Hoots, Law, Adjemian, Thomas.
Administrative, technical, or material support: Holland, Vivolo-Kantor, Yard, Swedo, Chen, Petrosky, Martinez, Stone, Coletta, Puddy, Peacock, Dowling.
Supervision: Holland, Jones, Hoots, Law, Puddy, Dowling, Houry.
Other—Development of measures: D’Inverno.
Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.
Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.
Additional Contributions: We acknowledge state, local, and jurisdictional health departments participating in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Syndromic Surveillance Program, as well as the facilities working closely with these health departments to build statewide syndromic surveillance systems.