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Body Weight Changes During Pandemic-Related Shelter-in-Place in a Longitudinal Cohort Study

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To identify the key insights or developments described in this article

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JAMA Network Open

March 22, 2021

Research Letter

Article Information and Disclosures

Anthony L. Lin, MD¹;

Eric Vittinghoff, PhD²;

Jeffrey E. Olgin, MD³;

et al

Mark J. Pletcher, MD, MPH²;

Gregory M. Marcus, MD, MAS³

Author Affiliations

¹Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
²Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
³Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco

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As of January 22, 2021, there were more than 98 million confirmed cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), more than 24 million of which are attributed to the US alone.¹ Recent surges in SARS-CoV-2 and the threat of a second wave have prompted many states to reconsider reopening timelines. During the initial US surge, 45 out of 50 state governments issued shelter-in-place (SIP) orders from March 19, 2020, to April 6, 2020, to slow disease transmission.² The initial SIP coincided with an observed decrease in daily step counts,³ likely reflective of changes in physical activity and patterns of daily living, as well as concurrent self-reported increases in snacking and overeating.⁴ We therefore sought to investigate ambulatory weight changes of a longitudinal cohort during initial SIP orders to better understand the possible downstream health implications of prolonged SIP.

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Article Information

Accepted for Publication: January 29, 2021.

Published: March 22, 2021. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2536

Corresponding Author: Gregory M. Marcus, MD, MAS, 505 Parnassus Ave, M1180B, San Francisco, CA 94143 (greg.marcus@ucsf.edu).

Author Contributions: Dr Marcus had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.

Concept and design: Lin, Olgin, Marcus.

Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: Lin, Vittinghoff, Pletcher, Marcus.

Drafting of the manuscript: Lin, Olgin, Marcus.

Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Lin, Vittinghoff, Olgin, Pletcher.

Statistical analysis: Lin, Vittinghoff.

Obtained funding: Olgin, Pletcher, Marcus.

Administrative, technical, or material support: Olgin, Marcus.

Supervision: Olgin, Marcus.

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.

References

Center for Systems Science and Engineering at Johns Hopkins University. COVID-19 Dashboard. Published 2020. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html

FINRA. State “Shelter-in-place” and “stay-at-home” orders. Published 2020. Accessed May 9, 2020. https://www.finra.org/rules-guidance/key-topics/covid-19/shelter-in-place

Tison GH , Avram R , Kuhar P , et al. Worldwide effect of COVID-19 on physical activity: a descriptive study. Ann Intern Med. 2020;173(9):767-770. doi:10.7326/M20-2665 PubMed Google Scholar Crossref

International Food Information Council. COVID-19 pandemic transforms the way we shop, eat and think about food, according to IFIC’s 2020 Food & Health Survey. Published 2020. Accessed November 21, 2020. https://foodinsight.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/2020-Food-and-Health-Survey-.pdf

Xu H , Cupples LA , Stokes A , Liu C-T . Association of obesity with mortality over 24 years of weight history: findings from the Framingham Heart Study. JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184587. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.4587 PubMed Google Scholar

Lee I-M , Shiroma EJ , Lobelo F , Puska P , Blair SN , Katzmarzyk PT ; Lancet Physical Activity Series Working Group. Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: an analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy. Lancet. 2012;380(9838):219-229. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61031-9 PubMed Google Scholar Crossref

Body Weight Changes During Pandemic-Related Shelter-in-Place in a Longitudinal Cohort Study

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