Corresponding Author: Li Tang, PhD, Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Mail Stop 768, Memphis, TN 38105 (li.tang@stjude.org).
Accepted for Publication: April 12, 2021.
Published Online: May 6, 2021. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.6564
Author Contributions: Dr Tang had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Drs Tang and Hijano are co–first authors. Drs Hoffman and Hayden are co–senior authors.
Concept and design: Tang, Hijano, Gaur, Geiger, Hoffman, Hayden.
Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: Tang, Hijano, Gaur, Neufeld, Hoffman, Hayden.
Drafting of the manuscript: Tang, Hijano, Gaur, Hoffman.
Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: All authors.
Statistical analysis: Tang.
Administrative, technical, or material support: Geiger, Hoffman, Hayden.
Supervision: Hijano, Gaur, Geiger, Neufeld, Hoffman.
Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Neufeld reported serving as a consultant to Pfizer outside the submitted work. Dr Hayden reported serving on advisory boards for Roche Molecular, Quidel Corporation, and Inflammatix outside the submitted work. No other disclosures were reported.
Funding/Support: This work was supported in part by the American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities (ALSAC).
Role of the Funder/Sponsor: The funder had no role in design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Additional Contributions: We acknowledge the following members from St Jude Children’s Research Hospital for their contributions to this work: data aggregation and analysis efforts of Yilun Sun, MS, Biostatistics, and Sandra Dennis, BS, Human Resources; the insight and guidance of Richard Webby, PhD, Infectious Diseases, Greg Armstrong, MD, Epidemiology and Cancer Control, and Motomi Mori, PhD, Biostatistics; and the commitment and support of Hana Hakim, MD, Infectious Diseases, Kari Lahmon, BSN, Nursing Administration, and Sri Suganda, MT, MB (ASCP), Pathology. No one received financial compensation for their contributions.