Paraneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy
C. Investigate serum positivity for antiretinal antibodies and obtain an extensive workup to rule out a malignant neoplasm
Autoimmune retinopathy (AIR) is a rare form of immune-mediated retinal degeneration. It is characterized by progressive vision loss along with electroretinographic, visual field abnormalities, and the presence of circulating ARAs. Autoimmune retinopathy can be categorized as paraneoplastic (pAIR), which includes cancer-associated retinopathy and melanoma-associated retinopathy, or nonparaneoplastic in the absence of a malignant neoplasm.1,2
Diagnosis remains a challenge because of its variable presentation and fundus appearance, which may be initially normal or with minimal unrevealing alterations despite central vision loss and a severely decreased visual field.1,2 Moreover, in contrast with previous reported cases,3,4 the patient did not show any systemic symptoms that would have been helpful toward the diagnosis.