Accepted for Publication: April 14, 2021.
Published Online: June 21, 2021. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.1685
Corresponding Author: Defne Saatci, MD, Primary Care Epidemiology, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom (defne.saatci@phc.ox.ac.uk).
Author Contributions: Drs Saatci and Hippisley-Cox had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
Concept and design: Saatci, Garriga, Clift, Tan, Harnden, Griffin, Khunti, Dambha-Miller, Hippisley-Cox.
Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: Saatci, Ranger, Garriga, Clift, Zaccardi, Tan, Patone, Coupland, Griffin, Dambha-Miller, Hippisley-Cox.
Drafting of the manuscript: Saatci, Ranger, Garriga, Hippisley-Cox.
Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: All authors.
Statistical analysis: Saatci, Ranger, Garriga, Clift, Patone, Coupland, Hippisley-Cox.
Obtained funding: Griffin, Khunti, Dambha-Miller, Hippisley-Cox.
Administrative, technical, or material support: Saatci, Ranger, Zaccardi, Tan, Hippisley-Cox.
Supervision: Ranger, Harnden, Griffin, Hippisley-Cox.
Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Tan reported receiving personal fees from AstraZeneca and Duke-NUS outside the submitted work. Dr Griffin reported receiving grants from the Medical Research Council during the conduct of the study. Dr Khunti reported serving as chair of the Ethnicity Subgroup and as a member of the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies. Dr Hippisley-Cox reported receiving grants from the Medical Research Council, Wellcome Trust, Health Data Research UK, Cancer Research UK, the John Fell Fund, and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre; receiving nonfinancial support from EMIS Health during the conduct of the study; and serving as director of the QResearch database, a not-for-profit collaboration between EMIS Health (commercial supplier of GP Systems) and Oxford University. No other disclosures were reported.
Funding/Support: Dr Khunti is supported by the NIHR Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre. Dr Griffin is supported by the Medical Research Council. The University of Cambridge has received salary support in respect of Dr Griffin from the National Health Service (NHS) in the East of England through the Clinical Academic Reserve.
Role of the Funder/Sponsor: The funding sources had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Additional Contributions: EMIS Practices contributed to QResearch, and EMIS Health, the University of Nottingham, and the University of Oxford provided expertise in establishing, developing, or supporting the QResearch database.
Additional Information: This project involves data derived from patient-level information collected by the NHS as part of the care and support of patients with cancer. The COVID-19 test data are collated, maintained, and quality assured by Public Health England (PHE). Access to the data was facilitated by the PHE Office for Data Release. The Hospital Episode Statistics and mortality data used in this analysis are reused with permission of NHS Digital, which retains copyright of those data. NHS Digital and PHE bear no responsibility for the analysis or interpretation of the data.
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