Accepted for Publication: May 6, 2021.
Published: July 14, 2021. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.17029
Correction: This article was corrected on May 31, 2023, to fix an error in the Table column headers and add clarification on the unit of analysis.
Open Access: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License. © 2021 Mark TL et al. JAMA Network Open.
Corresponding Author: Tami L. Mark, PhD, MBA, RTI International, 6110 Executive Blvd, Ste 900, Rockville, MD 20852 (Tmark@rti.org).
Author Contributions: Dr Joshi had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
Concept and design: Mark, Gibbons, Barnosky, Padwa.
Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: Mark, Gibbons, Joshi.
Drafting of the manuscript: Mark, Gibbons, Barnosky, Joshi.
Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Mark, Gibbons, Barnosky, Padwa.
Statistical analysis: Mark, Gibbons, Barnosky, Joshi.
Obtained funding: Mark.
Administrative, technical, or material support: Mark, Padwa.
Supervision: Mark.
Conflict of Interest Disclosures: No other disclosures were reported.
Funding/Support: Research reported in this study was funded through a Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute award (contract No. HIS-2017C1-6371).
Role of the Funder/Sponsor: The funder had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Disclaimer: The results and the conclusions are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, its Board of Governors, or its Methodology Committee.
Additional Contributions: Minerva Reyes and Alicia Van Hoy (California Department of Health Care Services) provided the data in used in this study. They were not compensated for this work.