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Actions to Transform US Preventive Services Task Force Methods to Mitigate Systemic Racism in Clinical Preventive Services

Educational Objective
To identify the key insights or developments described in this article
1 Credit CME
Abstract

Importance  US life expectancy and health outcomes for preventable causes of disease have continued to lag in many populations that experience racism.

Objective  To propose iterative changes to US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) processes, methods, and recommendations and enact a commitment to eliminate health inequities for people affected by systemic racism.

Design and Evidence  In February 2021, the USPSTF began operational steps in its work to create preventive care recommendations to address the harmful effects of racism. A commissioned methods report was conducted to inform this process. Key findings of the report informed proposed updates to the USPSTF methods to address populations adversely affected by systemic racism and proposed pilots on implementation of the proposed changes.

Findings  The USPSTF proposes to consider the opportunity to reduce health inequities when selecting new preventive care topics and prioritizing current topics; seek evidence about the effects of systemic racism and health inequities in all research plans and public comments requested, and integrate available evidence into evidence reviews; and summarize the likely effects of systemic racism and health inequities on clinical preventive services in USPSTF recommendations. The USPSTF will elicit feedback from its partners and experts and proposed changes will be piloted on selected USPSTF topics.

Conclusions and Relevance  The USPSTF has developed strategies intended to mitigate the influence of systemic racism in its recommendations. The USPSTF seeks to reduce health inequities and other effects of systemic racism through iterative changes in methods of developing evidence-based recommendations, with partner and public input in the activities to implement the advancements.

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Article Information

Corresponding Author: Karina W. Davidson, PhD, MASC, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research at Northwell Health, 130 E 59th St, Ste 14C, New York, NY 10022 (kdavidson2@northwell.edu).

Accepted for Publication: September 17, 2021.

Published Online: November 8, 2021. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.17594

Author Contributions: Dr Davidson had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr. Doubeni is section editor for diversity, equity, and inclusion for Gastroenterology. No other disclosures were reported.

The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) members: Karina W. Davidson, PhD, MASc; Carol M. Mangione, MD, MSPH; Michael J. Barry, MD; Michael D. Cabana, MD, MA, MPH; Aaron B. Caughey, MD, PhD; Esa M. Davis, MD, MPH; Katrina E. Donahue, MD, MPH; Chyke A. Doubeni, MD, MPH; Alex H. Krist, MD, MPH; Martha Kubik, PhD, RN; Li Li, MD, PhD, MPH; Gbenga Ogedegbe, MD, MPH; Lori Pbert, PhD; Michael Silverstein, MD, MPH; Melissa Simon, MD, MPH; James Stevermer, MD, MSPH; Chien-Wen Tseng, MD, MPH, MSEE; John B. Wong, MD.

Affiliations of The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) members: Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research at Northwell Health, New York, New York (Davidson); University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Mangione); Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (Barry); Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (Cabana); Oregon Health & Science University, Portland (Caughey); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Davis); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Donahue); Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (Doubeni); Fairfax Family Practice Residency, Fairfax, Virginia (Krist); Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (Krist); George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia (Kubik); University of Virginia, Charlottesville (Li); NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York (Ogedegbe); University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (Pbert); Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (Silverstein); Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois (Simon); University of Missouri, Columbia (Stevermer); University of Hawaii, Honolulu (Tseng); Pacific Health Research and Education Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii (Tseng); Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (Wong).

Funding/Support: The USPSTF is an independent, voluntary body. The US Congress mandates that the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) support the operations of the USPSTF.

Role of the Funder/Sponsor: AHRQ staff assisted in the writing and preparation of this report and its submission for publication. AHRQ staff had no role in the approval of the final report or the decision to submit for publication.

Disclaimer: The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) at the US Department of Health and Human Services supports the USPSTF. The findings and conclusions in this document are those of the authors, who are responsible for its content, and do not necessarily represent the views of AHRQ. No statement in this report should be construed as an official position of AHRQ at the US Department of Health and Human Services.

Additional Contributions: We thank Iris Mabry Hernandez, MD, MPH, at the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) at the US Department of Health and Human Services, who serves as the medical officer and collaborates with Dr Doubeni to lead the USPTF Race and Racism Workgroup. We also thank Tracy Wolff, MD, MPH, Tina Fan, MD, MPH, Amanda Borsky, MPP, DrPH, Sheena Harris, MD, MPH, Justin Mills, MD, MPH, Brandy Peaker, MD, MPH, and Howard Tracer, MD, and other leaders and staff at AHRQ, the Scientific Resource Center (SRC) for the USPSTF, and the partners of the USPSTF for their contributions to this work. The SRC receives support from AHRQ for its role in this work.

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