Accepted for Publication: November 15, 2021.
Published Online: January 13, 2022. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2021.3994
Corresponding Author: Jay F. Piccirillo, MD, Clinical Outcomes Research Office, Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8115, St Louis, MO 63110 (piccirij@wustl.edu).
Author Contributions: Ms Gupta and Dr Kallogjeri had full access to all of the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
Concept and design: Gupta, Kallogjeri, Smith, Khan, Piccirillo.
Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: Gupta, Kallogjeri, Farrell, Lee, Piccirillo.
Drafting of the manuscript: Gupta.
Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: All authors.
Statistical analysis: Gupta, Kallogjeri, Smith, Khan.
Obtained funding: Piccirillo.
Administrative, technical, or material support: Gupta, Lee, Piccirillo.
Supervision: Gupta, Farrell, Lee, Piccirillo.
Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Kallogjeri reported owning stock in Potentia Metrics and receiving personal fees for serving as a statistics editor for JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery outside the submitted work. Dr Piccirillo reported receiving royalty payments for Sino-Nasal Outcome Test, licensed by Washington University. Dr Piccirillo also received fees for serving as the Editor of JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery. No other disclosures were reported.
Funding/Support: Research reported in this publication was supported by grant T32DC000022 from the Development of Clinician/Researchers in Academic ENT of the National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (Ms Gupta, Mr Smith, and Dr Lee) and grant TL1TR002344 from the National Center For Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (Mr Khan). Recruitment for this study was supported by ResearchMatch and the Recruitment Enhancement Core (Volunteers for Health). ResearchMatch is a national health volunteer registry that was created by several academic institutions and supported by the National Institutes of Health as part of the Clinical Translational Science Award program. ResearchMatch has a large population of volunteers who have consented to be contacted by researchers about health studies for which they may be eligible. The Recruitment Enhancement Core in the Regulatory Support Center of the Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, is supported by grant UL1TR002345 from the National Center For Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health. Recruitment was also supported by the group AbScent, led by Chrissi Kelly.
Role of the Funder/Sponsor: The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Disclaimer: Drs Kallogjeri and Piccirillo are Statistics Editor and Editor, respectively, of JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, but they were not involved in any of the decisions regarding review of the manuscript or its acceptance. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Additional Contributions: Thanks to Amber Perrin, BS, and Zach Jaeger, BS, of the Washington University School of Medicine for their support throughout this project. Ms Perrin received additional compensation.
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