Accepted for Publication: December 15, 2021.
Published Online: February 28, 2022. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.6572
Corresponding Author: Walter S. Gilliam, PhD, Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, 310 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511 (walter.gilliam@yale.edu).
Author Contributions: Drs Patel and Gilliam had full access to all of the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
Concept and design: Patel, Gilliam.
Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: All authors.
Drafting of the manuscript: Patel.
Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Omer, Gilliam.
Statistical analysis: Patel, Gilliam.
Obtained funding: Gilliam.
Administrative, technical, or material support: Patel.
Supervision: Omer, Gilliam.
Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Gilliam reported grants from the Andrew & Julie Klingenstein Family Fund, Esther A. & Joseph Klingenstein Fund, Heising-Simons Foundation, W.K. Kellogg Foundation, Foundation for Child Development, Early Educator Investment Collaborative, and Scholastic Inc, during the conduct of the study and is past president of Child Care Aware of America. No other disclosures were reported.
Funding/Support: All phases of this study were supported by the Andrew & Julie Klingenstein Family Fund, Esther A. & Joseph Klingenstein Fund, Heising-Simons Foundation, W.K. Kellogg Foundation, Foundation for Child Development, Early Educator Investment Collaborative, Scholastic Inc, Yale Institute for Global Health, and Tobin Center for Economic Policy at Yale University. Dr Patel is funded by the National Institutes of Health.
Role of the Funder/Sponsor: The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
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C . ‘Our patience is wearing thin’: Biden extends vaccine mandates as COVID toll rises. Los Angeles Times. September 9, 2021.