Corresponding Author: Cynthia Feltner, MD, MPH, Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 725 Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, CB#7295, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 (cindy_feltner@med.unc.edu).
Accepted for Publication: February 2, 2022.
Author Contributions: Dr Feltner had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
Concept and design: Feltner, Peat, Berkman, Jonas.
Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: All authors.
Drafting of the manuscript: Feltner, Peat, Reddy, Riley, Middleton, Jonas.
Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Feltner, Peat, Reddy, Riley, Berkman, Balio, Coker-Schwimmer.
Statistical analysis: Feltner, Peat, Reddy.
Obtained funding: Feltner, Jonas.
Administrative, technical, or material support: Feltner, Riley, Berkman, Middleton, Coker-Schwimmer, Jonas.
Supervision: Feltner, Jonas.
Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Peat reported serving as a member of a clinical advisory board for Equip Health. No other disclosures were reported.
Funding/Support: This research was funded under contract HHSA-290-2015-00011-I, Task Order 15, from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), US Department of Health and Human Services, under a contract to support the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF).
Role of the Funder/Sponsor: Investigators worked with USPSTF members and AHRQ staff to develop the scope, analytic framework, and KQs for this review. AHRQ had no role in study selection, quality assessment, or synthesis. AHRQ staff provided project oversight, reviewed the report to ensure that the analysis met methodological standards, and distributed the draft for peer review. Otherwise, AHRQ had no role in the conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; and preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript findings. The opinions expressed in this document are those of the authors and do not reflect the official position of AHRQ or the US Department of Health and Human Services.
Additional Contributions: The authors gratefully acknowledge the following individuals for their contributions to this project, including AHRQ staff (Iris Mabry-Hernandez, MD, MPH; and Tracy Wolff, MD, MPH) and RTI International–University of North Carolina Evidence-based Practice Center staff (Carol Woodell, BSPH; Christiane Voisin, MSLS; Sharon Barrell, MA; Loraine Monroe; Caroline Rains, MPH; Kayla Giger; and Ina Wallace, PhD), who received compensation for their role in this project. The USPSTF members, expert consultants, peer reviewers, and Federal partner reviewers did not receive financial compensation for their contributions.
Additional Information: A draft version of the full evidence report underwent external peer review from 4 content experts (Bryn Austin, ScD, Harvard Medical School; Denise Wilfley, PhD, Washington University School of Medicine; Devan Kansagara, MD, Oregon Health & Science University; Susan Kornstein, MD, Virginia Commonwealth University). Comments from reviewers were presented to the USPSTF during its deliberation of the evidence and were considered in preparing the final evidence review.
Editorial Disclaimer: This evidence report is presented as a document in support of the accompanying USPSTF Recommendation Statement. It did not undergo additional peer review after submission to JAMA.
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