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Infectious Diseases

Assessment of Antibody and T-Cell Responses to the SARS-CoV-2 Virus and Omicron Variant in Unvaccinated Individuals Recovered From COVID-19 Infection in Wuhan, China

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JAMA Network Open

Published Online: April 27, 2022

Research Letter

Article Information and Disclosures

Qiao Zhang, PhD¹;

Chongyang Zhang, MS¹;

Tingxuan Huang, MS^1,2;

Lili Ren, PhD¹;

Bin Cao, MD^3,4;

Jianwei Wang, PhD¹

Author Affiliations

¹National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
²Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
³Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
⁴Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China

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The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, which harbored 32 mutations in spike glycoproteins (S),¹ raised concern over the virus escaping from immunity induced by vaccination or natural infection.²^,3 However, the full extent to which the Omicron variant evades existing vaccine- or infection-derived antibodies, especially memory T-cell responses, has not been well characterized. In this cohort study, we assessed the antibody and T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan and Omicron strains in individuals recovered from COVID-19.

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Article Information

Accepted for Publication: March 10, 2022.

Published: April 27, 2022. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.9199

Open Access: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License. © 2022 Guo L et al. JAMA Network Open.

Corresponding Authors: Jianwei Wang, PhD, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dong Dan San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, PR China (wangjw28@163.com); Bin Cao, MD, Center for Respiratory Diseases, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China, No. 2, East Yinghua Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, PR China (caobin_ben@163.com).

Author Contributions: Drs Wang and Cao had full access to all of the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Drs Guo and Zhang contributed equally to this work as co-first authors. Drs Cao and Wang contributed equally to this work as co-senior authors.

Concept and design: Guo, Q. Zhang, Ren, Cao, Wang.

Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: Guo, Q. Zhang, C. Zhang, Huang, Wang.

Drafting of the manuscript: Guo, Q. Zhang, Wang.

Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: All authors.

Statistical analysis: Guo, Q. Zhang, C. Zhang.

Obtained funding: Guo, Ren, Wang.

Administrative, technical, or material support: Guo, Q. Zhang, C. Zhang, Huang, Cao, Wang.

Supervision: Ren, Wang.

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.

Funding/Support: This study was funded by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (Nos. 2021-1-I2M-047, 2020-I2M-2-015), National Natural Science Foundation (No. 81930063).

Role of the Funder/Sponsor: The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

Additional Contributions: We acknowledge all patients who participated in this study and their families. We also would like to thank all staff of this follow-up study team at Wuhan Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences for sample and clinical information collection.

References

Torjesen I . COVID-19: Omicron may be more transmissible than other variants and partly resistant to existing vaccines, scientists fear. BMJ. 2021;375(2943):n2943. doi:10.1136/bmj.n2943 PubMed Google Scholar Crossref

Cele SJL , Khan K , Khoury D . SARS-CoV-2 Omicron has extensive but incomplete escape of Pfizer BNT162b2 elicited neutralization and requires ACE2 for infection. medRxiv. Preprint posted online December 17, 2021. doi:10.1101/2021.12.08.21267417 Google Scholar

Zhang L , Li Q , Liang Z , et al. The significant immune escape of pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2022;11(1):1-5. doi:10.1080/22221751.2021.2017757 PubMed Google Scholar Crossref

Huang L , Yao Q , Gu X , et al. One-year outcomes in hospital survivors with COVID-19: a longitudinal cohort study. Lancet. 2021;398(10302):747-758. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01755-4 PubMed Google Scholar Crossref

Geers D , Shamier MC , Bogers S , et al. SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern partially escape humoral but not T-cell responses in COVID-19 convalescent donors and vaccinees. Sci Immunol. 2021;6(59):eabj1750. doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.abj1750 Google Scholar Crossref

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