Accepted for Publication: March 18, 2022.
Published: May 6, 2022. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.10559
Open Access: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License. © 2022 Papenburg J et al. JAMA Network Open.
Corresponding Author: Cédric P. Yansouni, MD, J.D. MacLean Centre for Tropical Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Décarie Blvd, Room EM3.3242, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada (cedric.yansouni@mcgill.ca).
Author Contributions: Dr Yansouni had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
Concept and design: Papenburg, Campbell, Cheng, Menzies, Yansouni.
Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: Papenburg, Campbell, Caya, Dion, Corsini, Cheng, Yansouni.
Drafting of the manuscript: Papenburg, Caya, Yansouni.
Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: All authors.
Statistical analysis: Campbell, Caya, Cheng, Yansouni.
Obtained funding: Papenburg, Yansouni.
Administrative, technical, or material support: Caya, Dion, Corsini, Yansouni.
Supervision: Papenburg, Yansouni.
Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Papenburg reported receiving grants from AbbVie, Merck, Sanofi, and MedImmune; personal fees from AbbVie, Seegene, AstraZeneca, and Merck; and serving as an advisor to the Canadian Federal COVID-19 Immunity Task Force outside the submitted work. Dr Campbell reported serving as a consultant for the COVID-19 Immunity Task Force in Canada and World Bank. Dr Cheng reported receiving personal fees from GEn1E Lifesciences, Nomic Bio, and AstraZeneca; serving as cofounder of Kanvas Biosciences; and having patents for detecting tissue damage, graft vs host disease, and infections using cell-free DNA profiling pending, and a patent for assessing the severity and progression of SARS-CoV-2 infections using cell-free DNA pending outside the submitted work. Dr Yansouni reported receiving personal fees from Medicago and World Health Organization and serving as an advisor to the Canadian Federal COVID-19 Immunity Task Force outside the submitted work. No other disclosures were reported.
Funding/Support: This work was funded by grants from the Québec Ministry of Health and Social Services and the Trottier Family Foundation. Dr Yansouni holds a “Chercheur-boursier clinicien” career award from the Fonds de recherche du Québec–Santé.
Role of the Funder/Sponsor: The funders gave feedback on the design and conduct of the study but had no role in data collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of the data; preparation, review or approval of the manuscript; or decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Additional Contributions: The Santé au Travail Group of the Montreal Public Health Department and 18 employees in the field and data-entry teams contributed greatly to the accomplishment of the study.