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Incidental Murmur in a Preadolescent Boy

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1 Credit CME

A preadolescent boy with a history of ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement in the first year of life was admitted to the hospital for a urinary tract infection. On examination, there was a grade II/VI systolic regurgitant murmur, a II/IV diastolic low-pitched murmur along the left sternal border, and a rub throughout the cardiac cycle. A chest radiograph obtained for fever evaluation revealed a distal shunt catheter within the cardiac silhouette (Figure, A). The patient underwent shunt revision. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography showed the catheter entering the internal jugular vein, passing through the right atrium and ventricle, and intermittently crossing the pulmonary valve with resultant moderate tricuspid regurgitation (Video).1,2 The catheter was removed via an incision in the internal jugular vein and replaced within the abdomen.3 On postoperative examination, the murmur had resolved. This complication likely resulted from unrecognized puncture of both walls of the internal jugular vein during the initial shunt insertion, with subsequent migration of the catheter out of the abdomen and toward the direction of venous flow into the heart.4

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Article Information

Corresponding Author: Jordan L. W. Lam, MBBS, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, 3552 Taubman Center, Space 5338, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (lamjor@med.umich.edu).

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.

References
1.
Kumar  B , Badamali  AK , Jayant  A , Bhukal  I , Puri  GD .  Intraoperative localization and monitoring of migrating foreign body using transesophageal echocardiography.   Ann Card Anaesth. 2014;17(4):314-317. doi:10.4103/0971-9784.142076PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref
2.
Mitsopoulos  G , Hanna  RF , Brejt  SZ ,  et al.  Retrieval of a dislodged catheter using combined fluoroscopy and intracardiac echocardiography.   Case Rep Radiol. 2015;2015:610362. doi:10.1155/2015/610362PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref
3.
Semadi  IN , Koerniawan  HS , Irawan  H .  Retrieval of intravascular fractured fragment of tunneled double-lumen catheter in hemodialysis patient.   Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019;7(1):124-126. doi:10.3889/oamjms.2019.025PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref
4.
Fewel  ME , Garton  HJL .  Migration of distal ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter into the heart: case report and review of the literature.   J Neurosurg. 2004;100(2 suppl pediatrics):206-211. doi:10.3171/ped.2004.100.2.0206PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref
AMA CME Accreditation Information

Credit Designation Statement: The American Medical Association designates this Journal-based CME activity activity for a maximum of 1.00  AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Successful completion of this CME activity, which includes participation in the evaluation component, enables the participant to earn up to:

  • 1.00 Medical Knowledge MOC points in the American Board of Internal Medicine's (ABIM) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program;;
  • 1.00 Self-Assessment points in the American Board of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery’s (ABOHNS) Continuing Certification program;
  • 1.00 MOC points in the American Board of Pediatrics’ (ABP) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program;
  • 1.00 Lifelong Learning points in the American Board of Pathology’s (ABPath) Continuing Certification program; and
  • 1.00 CME points in the American Board of Surgery’s (ABS) Continuing Certification program

It is the CME activity provider's responsibility to submit participant completion information to ACCME for the purpose of granting MOC credit.

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