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Intelligent Virtual Operating Room for Enhancing Nontechnical Skills

To identify the key insights or developments described in this article
1 Credit CME

The operating room (OR) is a dynamic environment where surgeons, nurses, anesthesia providers, and technicians must work effectively as a team to provide optimal patient care. The success of surgery depends significantly on nontechnical skills: vigilance, leadership, decision-making, communication, teamwork, and conflict resolution.1 The American College of Surgeons closed claims study found that failure to communicate was pervasive and accounted for 22% of the preventable complications.2

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Article Information

Corresponding Author: Cullen D. Jackson, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Yamins 2, Boston, MA 02215 (cdjackso@bidmc.harvard.edu).

Published Online: March 15, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2022.6721

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr De reported grants from the National Institutes of Health during the conduct of the study. Dr Jackson reported grants from the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering during the conduct of the study and grants from CRICO Risk Management Foundation and the National Cancer Institute outside the submitted work. No other disclosures were reported.

Funding/Support: Research reported in this publication was supported in part by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (grants 2R01EB005807-05A1 and 2R01EB005807-09A1).

Role of the Funder/Sponsor: The funder had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

References
1.
Darzi  A , Smith  S , Taffinder  N .  Assessing operative skill: needs to become more objective.   BMJ. 1999;318(7188):887-888. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10102830. doi:10.1136/bmj.318.7188.887PubMedGoogle Scholar
2.
Griffen  FD , Stephens  LS , Alexander  JB ,  et al.  Violations of behavioral practices revealed in closed claims reviews.   Ann Surg. 2008;248(3):468-474. doi:10.1097/SLA.0b013e318185e196PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref
3.
Truong  H , Qi  D , Ryason  A ,  et al.  Does your team know how to respond safely to an operating room fire? outcomes of a virtual reality, AI-enhanced simulation training.   Surg Endosc. 2022;36(5):3059-3067. doi:10.1007/s00464-021-08602-yPubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref
4.
Qi  D , Ryason  A , Milef  N ,  et al.  Virtual reality operating room with AI guidance: design and validation of a fire scenario.   Surg Endosc. 2021;35(2):779-786. doi:10.1007/s00464-020-07447-1PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref
5.
Hull  L , Arora  S , Stefanidis  D , Sevdalis  N .  Facilitating the implementation of the American College of Surgeons/Association of Program Directors in Surgery phase III skills curriculum: training faculty in the assessment of team skills.   Am J Surg. 2015;210(5):933-41.e2. doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2015.01.022PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref
6.
Korndorffer  JR  Jr , Arora  S , Sevdalis  N , Paige  J , McClusky  DA  III , Stefanidis  D ; PEGASUS Research Group.  The American College of Surgeons/Association of Program Directors in Surgery National Skills Curriculum: adoption rate, challenges and strategies for effective implementation into surgical residency programs.   Surgery. 2013;154(1):13-20. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2013.04.061PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref
7.
Milef  N , Ryason  A , Qi  D , Alfred  SO , Jackson  CD , De  S .  Disruptions to shared mental models from poor quality of service in collaborative virtual environments.   Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):23556. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-02567-7PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref
AMA CME Accreditation Information

Credit Designation Statement: The American Medical Association designates this Journal-based CME activity activity for a maximum of 1.00  AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Successful completion of this CME activity, which includes participation in the evaluation component, enables the participant to earn up to:

  • 1.00 Medical Knowledge MOC points in the American Board of Internal Medicine's (ABIM) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program;;
  • 1.00 Self-Assessment points in the American Board of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery’s (ABOHNS) Continuing Certification program;
  • 1.00 MOC points in the American Board of Pediatrics’ (ABP) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program;
  • 1.00 Lifelong Learning points in the American Board of Pathology’s (ABPath) Continuing Certification program; and
  • 1.00 CME points in the American Board of Surgery’s (ABS) Continuing Certification program

It is the CME activity provider's responsibility to submit participant completion information to ACCME for the purpose of granting MOC credit.

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